Objectives

  • Describe the gross anatomy of the pleura, pleural recesses and the nerve supply
  • Surface marking of the pleura and lungs
  • Understand how the anatomy of the bones and joints which make up the thorax and how each bone/joint contributes tot he mechanics of respiration
  • Describe the anatomy and function of the diaphragm and the rest of the muscles of respiration

Pleura

Regions

2 layers visceral and parietal, and these both join continuously at the root of lung

4 regions costal mediastinal diaphragmatic and cervical

space between called pleura cavity

Pleural recesses

The lungs expand into these areas during forced inspiration 2 main “sharp” recesses

costomediastinal between ribs and mediastinal

costodiaphargmatic between ribs and diaphargm

Innervation

visceral pleura is insensetive to pain

parietal is extremeley sensitive to pain

Thoracic bones

Sternum

manubrium body xiphoid process

Ribs

1-7 true ribs 8-10 false ribs 12-13 free or floating ribs

Diaphragm

Muscles of respiration