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L1 RCA Head and Neck 1

Flashcardable content

  • skull and its anatomical features, foramina in cranial base and what they transmit, mandible
    • Skull
    • foramina and what goes through them
    • base of skull
    • mandible
  • facial muscles and nerve supply (facial nerve)
    • muscles
    • pharyngeal arches
    • derivatives of pharyngeal arches and supplies
    • facial nerve
      • the 5 branches
  • Parotid gland
    • duct
    • location
    • innervation
    • blood supply
    • lymphatics
    • clinical issues
  • face vasculature
    • ECA
    • Branches fo ECA
    • Facial artery
    • superficial temporal artery
    • ophthalmic artery
    • veins
    • facial vein
    • pterygoid plexus of veins
    • cavernous sinus
  • overview of trigeminal nerve
    • Ophthalmic division of trigeminal
      • what does it do
      • exit point from face
      • pathway
      • branches
    • Maxillary division
      • what does it do
      • exit point from face
      • pathway\
      • branches
    • Mandibular division
      • what does it do
      • exit point from face
      • pathway
        • Auriculotempiral nerve
        • buccal nerve
        • Mental nerve
  • cervical plexus
    • What is it
    • branches that supply the neck
    • Branches that supply the ear
  • cranial base

a list of true statements

  • skull and its anatomical features, foramina in cranial base and what they transmit, mandible
    • Skull frontal temporal occipital bone with processes which corresond with muscle and ligament attachment zygomatic and mandible and foramina
    • foramina and what goes through them/base of skull need to know what goes through what through them
    • mandible the processes and parts of mandible body angle etc
  • facial muscles and nerve supply (facial nerve)
    • muscles of expression
      • orbicularis oculi
        • extends from medial palpebral lifament and medial orbital margin to lateral palpebral raphe and skin
        • orbital is outer and closes eyes tightly
        • palpebral (inner) closes eye lightly (prevent corneal ulcers)
      • orbicularis oris
        • compresses and protrudes lips un whistling expression. at commissures of mouth joins with buccinator
      • buccinator (not a muscle of mastication)
        • compresses cheek against teeth (cheek)
      • frontalis
        • elevates eyebrows and wrinkles forehead
      • platysma
        • depresses lower lip and tenses skin for fear response half of the attachment is in the dermis (superficial fascia) muscles of the face come from the 2nd pharyngeal arch innervated by the facial nerve contraction pulls the facial skin and changes expression. surround the orifices and act as sphincters and dilators
    • pharyngeal arches 1,2,3,4 arches and lead to different structures
    • facial nerve

      • the 5 branches has inter-cranial course leaves base of skull through stylomastoid foramen and enters parotid gland

      in the skull gives off chorda tympani and greater pterosal nerve out of foramen it fices off posterior auricular and branch for posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid. in the gland it gives 5 branches (temporal zygomatic buccal mandibular and cervical) it supplies the muscles of facial expression (damage to gland can cause damage to nerve and therefore muscles of facial expression)
  • Parotid gland
    • duct Goes through masseter muscles to parotid papilla
    • location Lies outside oral cavity Deep to that is the ECA and Retromandibular vein
    • innervation
    • blood supply supplied by branches of eca and and venous rainage to retromandibular bain
    • lymphatics Nodes are in the sheath and then to deep cervical lymph nodes
    • clinical issues had thick capsule viral infection abcesses bells palsy
  • face vasculature
    • ECA most blood supply is from ECA and does to IJV
    • Branches fo ECA 1 medial 3 from front 2 behind 2 terminal supra orbial and angular is the anastomosis between eca and ica need this better explained
    • Facial artery
      • goes across cheech from jaw to bridge fo nose
    • superficial temporal artery
      • goes by the ear tot he termporal area
    • ophthalmic artery
      • comes from the ICA aand supplies the eye
      • gives off supraorbital and supratrochlear
      • goes to forehead and scalp
    • veins
      • basically a plexus you need to memorise
    • facial vein
      • major vein draining face
      • begina to medial conthius of ete runs posterior to artery
      • communicates with ophthalmic being

    • pterygoid plexus of veins

    • cavernous sinus
      • cavernous sinus can be intered thorugh teeth and facial vein infection
  • overview of trigeminal nerve
    • Ophthalmic division of trigeminal
      • what does it do
      • exit point from face
      • pathway
      • branches
    • Maxillary division ()
      • what does it do
        • purely sensory
      • exit point from face
        • infraocular foramen
      • pathway
      • branches
    • Mandibular division lots of sensory
      • what does it do
        • large sensory and also small motor
      • exit point from face
      • foramen ovale and then
      • pathway
        • Auriculotempiral nerve
        • buccal nerve
        • Mental nerve
  • cervical plexus
    • What is it
    • branches that supply the neck
    • Branches that supply the ear
  • cranial base

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